cystine stone
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Etiology
Epidemiology
- tends to occur at a younger age than calcium stones
Genetics
- cystinuria is an autosomal recessive disease*
* MKSAP20 seems to say that family history of nephrolithiasis or a history of recurrent nephrolithiasis suggests cystine stones rather than calcium stones[1]
Laboratory
Management
- hydration
- alkalinization of urine to pH > 6.5
- penicillamine
- tiopronin (alpha-mercaptopropionyl glycine)
- captopril may have benefits similar to penicillamine