betaine (trimethylglycine)

Comparative biology

• repeated exercise triggers adaptive changes, reducing inflammation & enhancing betaine metabolism
• exercise-driven betaine enrichment, partly mediated by renal biosynthesis, exerts geroprotective effects & rescues age-related health decline in mice.
• betaine binds to & inhibits TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), slowing the kinetics of aging

More general terms

• ammonium compound
• carboxylate
• lipotropic

Database

• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=247
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=248
• PubChem: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=83815