neurofilament light chain in serum/plasma
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Pathology
Indications
- identification of clinical relapse in multiple sclerosis
- prognosis after cardiac arrest[2]
- prognosis in patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome[6]
- may be elevated in the early chronic phase of traumatic brain injury[10]
- evaluation of dementia
Clinical significance
- serum levels significantly higher in patients with MRI- confirmed subclinical multiple sclerosis disease activity
- serum neurofilament light chain at 24 hours after cardiac arrest predicts long-term poor neurologic outcome[2]
- serum levels higher in multiple system atrophy or progressive supranuclear palsy than in Parkinson's disease & healthy controls
- levels in plasma correspond with hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease progression[4]
- levels in plasma predict onset of MCI in familial Alzheimer's disease type 3 3 years prior[5]
- plasma levels are elevated in frontotemporal dementia & in Alzheimer's disease[7]
- plasma levels cannot distinguish frontotemporal dementia from Alzheimer's disease[7]
- predicts future dementia risk in cerebral small vessel disease[8]
- strongly associated with brain atrophy in multiple areas, white matter alterations, & changes in global cognition[9]
- higher plasma NfL is associated with higher risk of cardiovascular disease, mortality from heart failure, & kidney disease[11]
- 5x higher concentrations of serum NfL associated with increased risk of overall mortality (RR=2.13)[12]
- higher plasma neurofilament light chain correlates with lower cognitive scores & higher mortality in centenarians[13]
More general terms
Additional terms
References
- ↑ Jenkins K Serum Biomarker May Predict Relapse in MS High NF-L levels could identify subclinical disease activity. MedPage Today. Nov 30, 2017
Varhaug KN, Barro C, Bjornevik K et al Neurofilament light chain predicts disease activity in relapsing-remitting MS Neurol. Published Online Nov 29, 2017 <PubMed> PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29209636 <Internet> http://nn.neurology.org/content/5/1/e422 - ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Moseby-Knappe M, Mattsson N, Nielsen N et al Serum Neurofilament Light Chain for Prognosis of Outcome After Cardiac Arrest. JAMA Neurol. Published online October 29, 2018. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30383090 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/fullarticle/2709115
- ↑ Marques TM, van Rumund A, Oeckl P et al. Serum NFL discriminates Parkinson disease from atypical parkinsonisms. Neurology. 2019 Mar 26;92(13):e1479-e1486 ePub: Feb 27 2019 PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30814322 https://n.neurology.org/content/92/13/e1479
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 George J Blood Test Tracks Alzheimer's Progression. https://www.medpagetoday.com/neurology/alzheimersdisease/79366
Mattsson N, Cullen NC, Andreasson U et al Association Between Longitudinal Plasma Neurofilament Light and Neurodegeneration in Patients With Alzheimer Disease. JAMA Neurol. Published online April 22, 2019. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31009028 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/article-abstract/2731440 - ↑ 5.0 5.1 Quiroz YT et al. Plasma neurofilament light chain in the presenilin 1 E280A autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease kindred: A cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort study. Lancet Neurol 2020 Jun; 19:513. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32470423 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laneur/article/PIIS1474-4422(20)30137-X/fulltext
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 George J Blood Biomarker Predicts Guillain-Barre Outcomes - Neurofilament light may help monitor disease severity, help improve prognosis. MedPage Today November 13, 2020 httpi://www.medpagetoday.com/neurology/generalneurology/89669
Martin-Aguilar L, et al Serum neurofilament light chain predicts long-term prognosis in Guillain-Barre syndrome patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020 PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33154183 https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/early/2020/11/05/jnnp-2020-323899
Jacobs BC Neurofilament light chain as biomarker for axonal damage in Guillain-Barre syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020 PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33154185 https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/early/2020/11/05/jnnp-2020-324308 - ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Illan-Gala I, Lleo A, Karydas A et al Plasma tau and neurofilament light in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 2020 Nov 16; [e-pub]. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33199433 https://n.neurology.org/content/96/5/e671
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Egle M, Loubiere L, Maceski A et al Neurofilament light chain predicts future dementia risk in cerebral small vessel disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. Feb 8, 2021 PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33558370 https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/early/2021/02/08/jnnp-2020-325681.info
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 George J Blood-Based Markers Tied to Brain Cell and Memory Loss. Another step closer to clinical utility for tracking neurodegeneration. MedPage Today April 16, 2021 https://www.medpagetoday.com/meetingcoverage/aan/92140
Marks J, et al Comparison of neurofilament light and total tau as blood-based biomarkers of neurodegeneration: associations with cognition and neuroimaging outcomes. American Academy of Neurology (AAN) 2021. - ↑ 10.0 10.1 Newcombe VFJ et al. Post-acute blood biomarkers and disease progression in traumatic brain injury. Brain 2022 Apr 4; [e-pub] PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35377407 https://academic.oup.com/brain/advance-article/doi/10.1093/brain/awac126/6563212
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Dark HE, Paterson C, Daya GN et al Proteomic Indicators of Health Predict Alzheimer's Disease Biomarker Levels and Dementia Risk. Ann Neurol. 2023. Oct 6. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37801487 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ana.26817
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Halloway S et al Serum total tau, neurofilament light, and glial fibrillary acidic protein are associated with mortality in a population study. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2024 Jan;72(1):149-159 PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37818793 https://agsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jgs.18632
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 George J One Blood Marker Is Tied to Cognition and Mortality in People Who Live Past 100. Elevated NfL levels tracked with poorer cognitive scores and higher death risk in centenarians. MedPage Today. May 7, 2026 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2848754
Shikimoto R, Sasaki T, Abe Y, et al Biomarkers, Cognitive Function, and Mortality in Centenarians. JAMA Netw Open. 2026 May 1;9(5):e2611335. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42096201 Free article. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2848754