visceral fat; omental fat; intra-abdominal fat
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Function
Structure
- found in spaces surrounding the liver, intestines & in the omentum[1][2]
Pathology
- produces cytokines, angiotensinogen[2]
- secretes retinol-binding protein 4, increasing insulin resistance[2]
- produces less leptin & less adiponectin than subcutaneous fat[2]
Genetics
- influenced by polymorphisms in PPARG gene
Complications
- risk factor for metabolic syndrome[1][2]
- may be risk factor for dementia[2]
- may be risk factor for asthma[2]
- may be risk factor for breast cancer[2]
- may be a risk factor for colorectal cancer[2]
- abdominal obesity associated with earlier all-cause mortality[4]
- abdominal obesity defined as a waist-to-hip ratio of < 0.9 in men & < 0.85 in women is associated with cognitive impairment[5]
- abdominal adipose tissue is linked to chronic musculoskeletal pain in multiple sites, association is stronger in women[6]
Management
- healthy lifestyle
- healthy diet, exercise, healthy sleep
- avoid hostility & depression
- surgical removal of omental fat does not improve insulin sensitivity[1]
- liposuction not recommended[2]
More general terms
Additional terms
Component of
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Fabbrini E, Tamboli RA, Magkos F et al Surgical removal of omental fat does not improve insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular risk factors in obese adults. Gastroenterology. 2010 Aug;139(2):448-55. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20457158 ree PMC Article
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 Harvard Women's Health Watch. August, 2010 Taking aim at belly fat https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/taking-aim-at-belly-fat
- ↑ UniProt http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P37231.html
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Jayedi A et al. Central fatness and risk of all cause mortality: Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of 72 prospective cohort studies. BMJ 2020 Sep 23; 370:m3324. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32967840 PMCID: PMC7509947 Free PMC article https://www.bmj.com/content/370/bmj.m3324
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lin Wy Associations of five obesity indicators with cognitive performance in 30,697 Taiwan Biobank participants. BMC Geriatrics. 2022 22:839. Nov 7 PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36344931 https://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12877-022-03457-x
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 McGlade L MRI-Derived Abdominal Adipose Tissue Linked to Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain. Medscape. Sept 11, 2024 https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/mri-derived-abdominal-adipose-tissue-linked-chronic-2024a1000gh9
- ↑ Tchernof A, Despres JP. Pathophysiology of Human Visceral Obesity: An Update. Physiological Reviews. 2013;93(1):359-404 PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23303913 Free article https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/physrev.00033.2011
- ↑ Lee MJ, Kim J. The Pathophysiology of Visceral Adipose Tissues in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Biochemical Pharmacology. 2024;222:116116. PMID: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38460909 PMCID: PMC11407912